

Panama
Panama’s political institutions are democratic, with competitive elections and orderly rotations of power. Freedoms of expression and association are generally respected. However, corruption and impunity are serious challenges, affecting the justice system and the highest levels of government. Discrimination against racial minorities is common, and Indigenous groups have struggled to uphold their legal rights with respect to land and development projects.

Freedom in the World — Panama Country Report
Panama is rated Free in Freedom in the World 2023, Freedom House's annual study of political rights and civil liberties worldwide.